Massaging infants' arms and hands can significantly reduce their pain from needle sticks ||Never tie a pacifier to your child’s crib or around your child’s neck or hand. This could cause serious injury or even death ||Use a firm mattress and avoid placing your baby on thick, fluffy padding that may interfere with breathing if your baby's face presses against it ||After the first hectic weeks, babies take longer naps at predictable times. And you'll become a much better time manager ||Set aside time for your partner and share what's happening in each other's life ||For protecting young children during summer months, apply sunscreen at least 30 minutes before going outside ||Do not postpone your baby’s vaccines unless he is sick or feverish ||Make sure your baby wears a hat if she will be in a cold environment ||If you have trouble emptying your breast, apply warm compresses to the breast or take a warm shower before breast-feeding ||Proper weight gain is the sign that your baby is having enough milk. Not crying and not comparing with other kids ||
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HomeBabyInfectionsTyphoid Fever
Typhoid Fever
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Causative organism:

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonellae typhi (or salmonella paratyphi) bacteria.

 Incidence:

Worldwide, typhoid fever affects more than 13 million people annually, with over 500,000 patients dying of the disease.

 Mode of transmission:

Typhoid fever is contracted by the ingestion of contaminated food or water with the stool containing the bacteria from a case or asymptomatic carrier.

 
Symptoms:
  • Poor appetite
  • Headaches
  • Generalized aches and pains
  • Fever (reaching 39-40 degree celecius)
  • Lethargy
  • Diarrhea
 
Complications:
  • Overwhelming infection
  • Pneumonia
  • Intestinal bleeding
  • Intestinal perforation
 
Diagnosis:

Stool cultures are sensitive in the early and late stages of the disease but often need to be supplemented with blood cultures to make the definite diagnosis.

 

Prophylaxis and Treatment:

  • Following the regular hygienic measures and avoiding drinking or ingestion of contaminated water or food with the bacteria
  • The Typhoid vaccine could be given at any time after the age of 2 years and could be repeated each 2-3 years
  • The definitive Treatment is by Antibiotic therapy (Chloramphenicol,3rd generation cephalosporin) the choice of antibiotic should be guided by the result of culture and sensitivity as there are some resistant strains.
 For further information concerning the disease, vaccine and /or the treatment call 2356

 

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