When your infant is carried, he should be oriented toward the carrying adult ||Put a photo of a face – yours – on the side of the cot for your baby to look at. Human faces fascinate babies ||Reflux is common in newborns. Most babies outgrow reflux between the time they are 1 and 2 years old ||Toddler's appetite may change almost daily. Let her be the judge of how much she needs and wants to eat. ||Use a firm mattress and avoid placing your baby on thick, fluffy padding that may interfere with breathing if your baby's face presses against it ||Alternate the first breast you offer at each feed ||To help your kid stand up to negative peer pressure, encourage him to talk, use role playing with him, get to know the parents of your child's friends and finally deal with your own peer pressure. ||Whenever possible, don't get involved in your kids' clash. Step in only if there's a danger of physical harm. ||Presumably, your baby won't recall events from his life before age 3. Still, these early experiences outline his vision of the world ||Make sure your baby wears a hat if she will be in a cold environment ||
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HomeBig KidsInfectionsTyphoid Fever
Typhoid Fever
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Causative organism:

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonellae typhi (or salmonella paratyphi) bacteria.

 Incidence:

Worldwide, typhoid fever affects more than 13 million people annually, with over 500,000 patients dying of the disease.

 Mode of transmission:

Typhoid fever is contracted by the ingestion of contaminated food or water with the stool containing the bacteria from a case or asymptomatic carrier.

 
Symptoms:
  • Poor appetite
  • Headaches
  • Generalized aches and pains
  • Fever (reaching 39-40 degree celecius)
  • Lethargy
  • Diarrhea
 
Complications:
  • Overwhelming infection
  • Pneumonia
  • Intestinal bleeding
  • Intestinal perforation
 
Diagnosis:

Stool cultures are sensitive in the early and late stages of the disease but often need to be supplemented with blood cultures to make the definite diagnosis.

 

Prophylaxis and Treatment:

  • Following the regular hygienic measures and avoiding drinking or ingestion of contaminated water or food with the bacteria
  • The Typhoid vaccine could be given at any time after the age of 2 years and could be repeated each 2-3 years
  • The definitive Treatment is by Antibiotic therapy (Chloramphenicol,3rd generation cephalosporin) the choice of antibiotic should be guided by the result of culture and sensitivity as there are some resistant strains.
 For further information concerning the disease, vaccine and /or the treatment call 2356

 

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