For protecting young children during summer months, apply sunscreen at least 30 minutes before going outside ||Alternate the first breast you offer at each feed ||Don't allow your pet on the couch while you are holding baby. This makes dogs bigger and taller in relation to your infant and may encourage aggression. ||Infants raised on breast milk tend to score higher on tests of mental development than those on formula ||Make a habit out of drinking a glass of water every time you feed your baby. ||Massaging infants' arms and hands can significantly reduce their pain from needle sticks ||Expressing milk should be painless. If it hurts, stop. ||Children who gain weight quickly during their first six months are more likely to be obese or at risk of obesity by age 3 ||Ask your baby's doctor about vitamin D supplements for the baby, especially if you're breast-feeding ||Don’t rush into solving your kid's problems. Give him the chance to conclude, all on his own, that things are going to be okay. ||
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HomeTeensInfectionsTyphoid Fever
Typhoid Fever
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Causative organism:

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonellae typhi (or salmonella paratyphi) bacteria.

 Incidence:

Worldwide, typhoid fever affects more than 13 million people annually, with over 500,000 patients dying of the disease.

 Mode of transmission:

Typhoid fever is contracted by the ingestion of contaminated food or water with the stool containing the bacteria from a case or asymptomatic carrier.

 
Symptoms:
  • Poor appetite
  • Headaches
  • Generalized aches and pains
  • Fever (reaching 39-40 degree celecius)
  • Lethargy
  • Diarrhea
 
Complications:
  • Overwhelming infection
  • Pneumonia
  • Intestinal bleeding
  • Intestinal perforation
 
Diagnosis:

Stool cultures are sensitive in the early and late stages of the disease but often need to be supplemented with blood cultures to make the definite diagnosis.

 

Prophylaxis and Treatment:

  • Following the regular hygienic measures and avoiding drinking or ingestion of contaminated water or food with the bacteria
  • The Typhoid vaccine could be given at any time after the age of 2 years and could be repeated each 2-3 years
  • The definitive Treatment is by Antibiotic therapy (Chloramphenicol,3rd generation cephalosporin) the choice of antibiotic should be guided by the result of culture and sensitivity as there are some resistant strains.
 For further information concerning the disease, vaccine and /or the treatment call 2356

 

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